Estonia, a member of the EU since 2004 and the euro zone since 2011, has a modern market-based economy and one of the higher per capita income levels in Central Europe and the Baltic region, but its economy is highly dependent on trade, leaving it vulnerable to external shocks. Estonia's successive governments have pursued a free market, pro-business economic agenda, and sound fiscal policies that have resulted in balanced budgets and the lowest debt-to-GDP ratio in the EU. The economy benefits from strong electronics and telecommunications sectors and strong trade ties with...
GDP | Reference | Last | Previous | Units | Frequency |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Private Consumption | 2023 Q4 | 5,058 | 4,887 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Real Private Consumption | 2023 Q4 | 3,390 | 3,283 | Mil. Ch. 2015 EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Real Gross Domestic Product | 2023 Q4 | 6,169 | 6,214 | Mil. Ch. 2015 EUR, WDASA | Quarterly |
Nominal Gross Domestic Product | 2023 Q4 | 9,486 | 9,404 | Mil. EUR, WDASA | Quarterly |
Real Government Consumption | 2023 Q4 | 1,399 | 1,108 | Mil. Ch. 2015 EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Government Consumption | 2023 Q4 | 2,325 | 1,844 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Nominal Fixed Investment (gross fixed capital formation) | 2023 Q4 | 3,059 | 2,817 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Real Investment | 2023 Q4 | 1,830 | 2,458 | Mil. Ch. 2015 EUR, SA | Quarterly |
Real Fixed Investment (gross fixed capital formation) | 2023 Q4 | 2,353 | 2,213 | Mil. Ch. 2015 EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Investment | 2023 Q4 | 2,258 | 2,986 | Mil. EUR, SA | Quarterly |
Price | Reference | Last | Previous | Units | Frequency |
Consumer Price Index (CPI) | Feb 2024 | 295.81 | 295.79 | 1997=100, NSA | Monthly |
Producer Price Index (PPI) | Jan 2024 | 159.23 | 156.17 | Index 2010=100, NSA | Monthly |
Wholesale Price Index | 2016 | 106.56 | 107.29 | Index 2010 = 100 | Annual |
Labor | Reference | Last | Previous | Units | Frequency |
Wage & Salaries | 2023 Q4 | 4,726 | 4,747 | Mil. EUR, SA | Quarterly |
Primary Industries Employment | 2023 | 18.2 | 17.8 | Ths. # | Annual |
Tertiary Industries Employment | 2023 | 490.2 | 468.4 | Ths. # | Annual |
Unemployment Rate | 2023 Q4 | 6.3 | 7.3 | %, NSA | Quarterly |
Labor Force | 2023 Q4 | 740 | 748.5 | Ths. #, NSA | Quarterly |
Unemployment | 2023 Q4 | 46.6 | 54.8 | Ths. #, NSA | Quarterly |
Labor Force Employment | 2023 Q4 | 693.4 | 693.7 | Ths. #, NSA | Quarterly |
Secondary Industries Employment | 2023 | 191.6 | 194.8 | Ths. # | Annual |
Agriculture Employment | 2017 | 26,896 | 27,028 | # | Annual |
Trade | Reference | Last | Previous | Units | Frequency |
Balance of Goods | Jan 2024 | -121.7 | -269.51 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Monthly |
Exports of Goods | Jan 2024 | 1,389 | 1,313 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Monthly |
Imports of Goods | Jan 2024 | 1,510 | 1,583 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Monthly |
Current Account Balance | 2023 Q4 | -62.7 | -434.4 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Real Exports of Goods and Services | 2023 Q4 | 5,157 | 5,070 | Mil. Ch. 2015 EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Exports of Goods and Services | 2023 Q4 | 7,363 | 7,094 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Imports of Goods and Services | 2023 Q4 | 7,306 | 7,254 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Real Imports of Goods and Services | 2023 Q4 | 5,612 | 5,607 | Mil. Ch. 2015 EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Net Exports | 2023 Q4 | 164.89 | -275.5 | Mil. EUR, SA | Quarterly |
Real Net Exports | 2023 Q4 | -426.22 | -622.19 | Mil. Ch. 2015 EUR, SA | Quarterly |
Government | Reference | Last | Previous | Units | Frequency |
Outstanding Public Debt - Foreign | 2023 Q4 | 7,862 | 6,901 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Gross External Debt | 2023 Q4 | 33,992 | 33,508 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Government Expenditures | 2023 Q3 | 3,951 | 3,832 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Government Budget Balance | 2023 Q3 | -202.6 | 35.9 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Outstanding Public Debt | 2023 Q3 | 6,788 | 6,878 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Government Revenues | 2023 Q3 | 3,749 | 3,868 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Markets | Reference | Last | Previous | Units | Frequency |
Stock Market Index | 15 Mar 2024 | 1,750 | 1,752 | Index June 4 1996=100, NSA | Business Daily |
Money Market Rate | Dec 2021 | -0.49 | -0.49 | %, NSA | Monthly |
Business Lending Rate | Jun 2017 | 3.19 | 4.34 | % p.a., NSA | Monthly |
Real Estate | Reference | Last | Previous | Units | Frequency |
Building Permits | 2023 Q4 | 1,805 | 1,408 | #, SA | Quarterly |
Building Completions | 2023 Q4 | 2,487 | 1,599 | #, NSA | Quarterly |
Residential Building Permits | 2023 Q4 | 1,872 | 1,555 | #, NSA | Quarterly |
House Price Index | 2023 Q3 | 312.06 | 309.63 | Index 2010=100, SA | Quarterly |
Non-residential Building Completions | 2021 | 1,136 | 1,352 | # | Annual |
Residential Building Completions | 2021 | 6,735 | 7,579 | # | Annual |
Dwelling Stocks | 2020 | 7.6 | 7 | Ths. # | Annual |
Non-residential Building Permits | 2009 | 29.03 | # | Annual | |
Consumer | Reference | Last | Previous | Units | Frequency |
Consumer Confidence | Feb 2024 | -34.9 | -34.1 | SA | Monthly |
Retail Sales | 2023 Q4 | 2,632 | 2,592 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Business | Reference | Last | Previous | Units | Frequency |
Business Confidence | Feb 2024 | -22.5 | -20.9 | SA | Monthly |
Capacity Utilization | 2023 Q4 | 64.7 | 63.5 | %, SA | Quarterly |
Industrial Production | Dec 2023 | 110.5 | 118.3 | Vol. Index 2015=100, NSA | Monthly |
Real Change in Inventories | 2023 Q4 | -280.27 | 207.49 | Mil. Ch. 2015 EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Change in Inventories | 2023 Q4 | -476.5 | 153.35 | Mil. EUR, NSA | Quarterly |
Demographics | Reference | Last | Previous | Units | Frequency |
Births | Jan 2024 | 887 | 769 | #, NSA | Monthly |
Population | 2023 | 1,365,884 | 1,331,796 | # | Annual |
Deaths | Dec 2022 | 1,683 | 1,398 | #, NSA | Monthly |
Net Migration | 2017 | -4,999 | # | Annual | |
Birth Rate | 2016 | 10.7 | # per Ths. pop. | Annual | |
Death Rate | 2011 | 11.5 | # per Ths. pop. | Annual |