Poland - Retail Sales

Retail Sales

Summary

Monthly data is updated approximately 30 days after the end of the reference month; quarterly data is updated approximately 90 days after the end of the reference quarter.

Data on retail sales cover the sale of consumer and non-consumer goods carried by retail sales outlets, catering establishments and other sales outlets (i.e. warehouses, stock houses) in quantities indicating purchases to meet the needs of individual customers.

Methodology

Groups of enterprises were created on the basis of Polish Classification of Activities (PKD), and a given enterprise is included to a specific category by predominating kind of activity and according to its present organizational state. The dynamic of the retail sale result from, among others, change both in the predominating kind of activity of the enterprise and is its organization.

Revisions

Each release the previous 2 to 3 months of data are revised.

Industrial Production

Summary

Measure of change in the volume of production given a reference level of inputs and technology for all producer units (enterprises).

Methodology

Classification/sectorization

Data are disseminated on the industrial production index at the two-digit level of ISIC, Rev. 4. International Standard Industrial Classification [ISIC Rev. 4] is compliant with the Polish Classification of Activities (PKD 2007).

• The Statistical Bulletin publishes details of the industrial production index by sections and divisions, as well as trend tables.
• The data are seasonally adjusted using the TRAMO-SEATS method.
• The Statistical Bulletin contains a brief description of the methodology and data sources.

Scope of the data

Classification: Classification of enterprises according to NACE Rev.2 and Polish Classification of Activities (PKD2007) are compatible with International Standard Industrial Classification [ISIC Rev. 4]

Valuation

Nature of indicators used: value of sold production deflated by producer price index.

Recording basis

Preliminary enterprises data for the reference month may be estimated in some degree and in the next month they are revised and disseminated as final data. Final data meets requirements for accrual accounting.

Source data collection programs

The index uses data on production sales, obtained from a sample survey of enterprises with more than 9 employees (more than 5 employees until 1999 data) covering about 13200 enterprises, representing 90 percent of the industrial production.

• Unit selection: For enterprises with 10–49 employees in sections B, C, D and E  of NACE Rev.2 the index uses purposive sample selection of enterprises on the geographic area level (voivodships) for sections and divisions of NACE Rev.2 in relation to sold production.
• Sample sizes:
  • Enterprises having more than 50 employees in sections B, C, D and E are observed by full scope survey (covering about 9000 enterprises^*);
  • Enterprises with 10–49 employees in sections B, C and D and E are observed monthly by at least 10% sample survey (covering about 4200 enterprises^*); and
  • The index covers over 90 percent of the industrial production Data collection methods: Mail questionnaire on paper forms and electronic questionnaire.
      *  Data concerning January 2009 
• Timing of production observations:
• Frequency of data collection: monthly.

Sample sizes:

• Enterprises having more than 50 employees in sections C and D and E are observed by full scope survey (covering 8500 enterprises*);
• Enterprises with 10–49 employees in sections C and D and E are observed monthly by at least 10% sample survey (covering 4500 enterprises*); and
• The index covers over 90 percent of the industrial production Data collection methods: Mail questionnaire on paper forms and electronic questionnaire.
• *) Data concerning December 2006

Timing of production observations:

Frequency of data collection: monthly.

Source data timeliness

Timeliness

• Dissemination of electronic questionnaire in the Reporting Portal for reporting units—until the 5^th working day after the end of the reference month;
• Reminding the reporting units over the phone or e-mail that they have not filled  the questionnaire—6^th working day after the end of the reference month;
• Controlling, analysis, examination and correction of data errors by regional statistical office specializing in conducting the survey—from 5^th until the 8^th working day after the end of the reference period;
• Grossing up data at the voivodship level; calculation of production indices at constant prices—until the 8th working day after the end of the reference month;
• transmission of voivodship files to COIS (Central Centre of Statistical Information) and analysis of the voivodship tables by CSO authorial departments and their approval—on the 9^th  working day after the end of the reference period;
• computing of the national tables on the 10^th  working day;
• calculation of national indices for CSO authorial departments (e.g. price indices—until the 11^th working day);
• control of the result national tables and their approval by the authorial departments—until the 11^th –12^th working day after the end of the reference month;
• CSO press conference on socio-economic situation in the country, on the 16^th –17^th working day after the end of the reference month.

Source data statistical techniques

Procedures for non-response: Data for non-response are estimated on the basis of units employment and labor productivity on the division level.

Adjustments for quality differences: No adjustments for quality differences.

Seasonally-adjusted indices: Seasonal adjustment takes place on the sections level. The TRAMO-SEATS method is used.

Other statistical procedures

• Nature of weights: The index is derived from summing values across categories and calculating changes from year to year for the whole industry (sections B+C+D+E).
• Computation of lowest level indices: Value of sold production index deflated by the relevant producer price index (Paasche formula)on the three-digit level.
• Aggregation: Laspeyres formula.
• Alignment of value of weights and base period: The value of sold production of current period is used as weight for producer price index.
• Linking of reweighed index to historical index: Chain index is used. Indices are calculated for the following: 2005 = 100; previous period = 100; and corresponding period of previous year = 100.
• Reference period: from January 2009 the current base year is 2005, previous base year was 1995.

Revisions

Analyses of revisions are carried out every month after producing of final data.

Labor Market

Summary

Data are disseminated on registered unemployment, expressed as the number of unemployed persons. "Unemployed persons" are defined as persons having no employment and not attending any full-time school, capable of work, ready to take up full-time employment, and registered in a labor office, if these persons: (1) are aged 18 or more; (2) are aged less than 60 for women or less than 65 for men; (3) haves not acquired the right to retirement pay or pension resulting from an inability to work, does not receive: a pre-retirement benefit or  allowance, a rehabilitation allowance, a sick or maternity benefit; (4) are not the owner or holder of agricultural real estate with on area of agricultural land exceeding 2 convertible ha; or  are not subject to retirement and pension insurance from full-time work due to being a spouses or a members of an agricultural household with an area of agricultural land exceeding 2 convertible ha; (5) did not undertake non-agricultural activity during the period between the date stated in register application and the date of activity registration termination or is not subject, on the basis of separate regulations, to compulsory social security or a retirement provision, excluding social insurance of farmers; (6) does not obtain monthly income  exceeding a half amount of minimum remuneration, with the exception of  interests from financial means gathered on bank accounts; (7) Among the unemployed is not included persons undergoing training, an internship with the employer as well as also persons undergoing a job occupational training.

The data on registered unemployment are measured at the end of the reference month and are compiled by the CSO on the basis of the administrative records of Labor Offices.

Detailed data are disseminated broken down by sex, level of education, by duration of unemployment, job offers, occupation, industry, and by regional levels (voivodships and powiats).

The data are not seasonally adjusted.

"Employed persons" are defined as including:

1. employees hired on the basis of employment contract (labor contract, call-up, appointment or election);
2. enterprises owners and co-owners, including contributing family member (excluding associates who don’t work, but only give a capital);
3. out-workers;
4. agents (including contributing family member and persons employed by agents.

The monthly data are compiled on the basis of monthly report prepared by regional (voivodship) statistical offices. The data cover all economic entities of the enterprise sector, employing more than nine persons.

The data on employment are measured at the end of period (quarter), and presented according to the NACE rev.2 classification by section and division, and by type of ownership.

The data are not seasonally adjusted.

Methodology

Unemployment

• Geographical coverage: All areas of Poland are covered.
• Population coverage: To be registered, a persons must meet the following conditions if is, among other: 

• is aged 18 years or more;  
• is aged less than 60 for women or less than 65 for men;  
• has not acquired the right to retirement pay or pension resulting from an inability to work, does not receive: a pre-retirement benefit or allowance, a rehabilitation allowance, a sick or maternity benefit; 
• did not undertake non-agricultural activity during the period between the date stated in register application and the date of activity registration termination or is not subject, on the basis of separate regulations, to compulsory social security or a retirement provision, excluding social insurance of farmers;
• is not the owner or holder of agricultural real estate with on area of agricultural land exceeding 2 convertible ha; or is not subject to retirement and pension insurance from full-time work due to being a spouse or a member of an agricultural household with an area of agricultural land exceeding 2 convertible ha;  
• has not undertaken any non-agricultural activity or is not subject, on the basis of separate regulations, to obligatory social insurance with the exception of the farmers’ social insurance;
  does not obtain monthly income exceeding a half amount of minimum remuneration, with the exception of  interests from financial means gathered on bank accounts;  
• does not receive, on the basis of regulations concerning family allowances, a nursing allowance, or allowance complementary to a family benefit due to a single parenthood and loosing rights to unemployment benefit after expiring of the legal period of its receiving.;
• Among the unemployed is not included persons undergoing training, an internship with the employer as well as also persons undergoing a job occupational training
• Topical coverage: Detailed data are disseminated by sex, age, level of education, occupation and industry of the last job, duration of registration in a labor office and regional levels (voivodships and powiats).

Employment

• Geographical coverage: All areas of Poland are covered.
• Population coverage: To be registered, a persons must meet the following conditions if is, among other: 

• is aged 18 years or more;  
• is aged less than 60 for women or less than 65 for men;  
• has not acquired the right to retirement pay or pension resulting from an inability to work, does not receive: a pre-retirement benefit or allowance, a rehabilitation allowance, a sick or maternity benefit; 
• did not undertake non-agricultural activity during the period between the date stated in register application and the date of activity registration termination or is not subject, on the basis of separate regulations, to compulsory social security or a retirement provision, excluding social insurance of farmers;
• is not the owner or holder of agricultural real estate with on area of agricultural land exceeding 2 convertible ha; or is not subject to retirement and pension insurance from full-time work due to being a spouse or a member of an agricultural household with an area of agricultural land exceeding 2 convertible ha;  
• has not undertaken any non-agricultural activity or is not subject, on the basis of separate regulations, to obligatory social insurance with the exception of the farmers’ social insurance;
  does not obtain monthly income exceeding a half amount of minimum remuneration, with the exception of  interests from financial means gathered on bank accounts;  
• does not receive, on the basis of regulations concerning family allowances, a nursing allowance, or allowance complementary to a family benefit due to a single parenthood and loosing rights to unemployment benefit after expiring of the legal period of its receiving.;
• Among the unemployed is not included persons undergoing training, an internship with the employer as well as also persons undergoing a job occupational training
• Topical coverage: Detailed data are disseminated by sex, age, level of education, occupation and industry of the last job, duration of registration in a labor office and regional levels (voivodships and powiats).

Revisions

Data are considered as final when first released and are not subject to revision. Analyses, as well as studies are carried out by CSO currently.

Note

http://dsbb.imf.org/Applications/web/sddsctycatbaselist/?strcode=POL&strcat=EMP00
http://dsbb.imf.org/Applications/web/sddsctycatbaselist/?strcode=POL&strcat=UEM00
http://www.stat.gov.pl/gus/45_1058_ENG_HTML.htm

Foreign Trade

Summary

Polish foreign trade statistics is in line with UN Statistics Division methodology and EU standards. The subject of foreign trade statistics is the movement of commodities across frontiers between Poland and abroad. Aside from movements of commodities of little importance, all physically incoming and outgoing commodities are recorded and documented, including transactions handled without remuneration or to foreign account. Trade transactions not involving physical movement of goods across frontiers are not recorded in foreign trade data set.

Since 1 May 2004 (it was the day of Polish accession to EU), Polish foreign trade statistics system comprises of two parallel systems:

• EXTRASTAT system, which uses data registered on SAD documents and ECS and refers to Polish trade turnover with third countries (UE non-member countries).
• INTRASTAT system, which refers only to Polish intra-EU trade (trade with other EU Member States) Since 1992 till April 2004 system of Polish foreign trade statistics was based exclusively on Single Administrative Document (customs declaration SAD), in compliance with methodology used in UE countries.

Methodology

Classification of Commodities:

The classification of commodities used for reporting imports and exports is Customs tariff and statistical nomenclature (Combined Nomenclature CN). This classification is based on the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (HS). In addition the Regulation of the Council of Ministers of 4 June 2007 on Combined Nomenclature (CN) (Journal of Laws No 119, page 1) determines that in the territory of Poland Chapter 99 of Combined Nomenclature CN is applied. Chapter 99 is used for simplified coding regarding commodities in certain cases allowed by legislation. The eight digit commodity codes of are the smallest elements and are combined into different commodity groupings for purposes of publications (for example commodity sections or commodity headings). Combined Nomenclature CN codes can be transferred into codes of Standard International Classification (SITC Rev.4) for the purposes of publication or international comparisons. They can be also transferred into PKWiU (Polish Classification of Products and Services) codes, which enable comparisons between foreign trade and production statistics.

Classification of countries and regions:

Classification of countries used for foreign trade statistics purposes is the Country Nomenclature for the External Trade Statistics of the Community and Statistics of Trade between Member States (Geonomenclature). Geonomenclature is introduced by Commission Regulation and is  subject to periodical revisions.

Foreign trade statistics data is also presented in breakdown by several groups of countries:

• Developed Countries of which is presented:
  • Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Countries (OECD)
  • European Union (EU),
  • European Free Trade Zone (EFTA),
  • Euro zone
• Central and Eastern European Countries
• Developing Countries

Details on data for groups of countries are available in introductory comments to “Yearbook of Foreign Trade Statistics”

Scope of the data

The quantities and values of imported and exported commodities are classified and described primarily by commodity types and partner countries assigned to foreign trade transactions. Following features are the most important from the point of view of publications.

Measures:

• statistical value (in PLN, USD and EUR),
• mass net 
• quantity in supplementary unit

Dimensions:

• type of commodity;
• country of origin/consignment for imports,
• country of destination for exports.

Definitions:

• Statistical value: The Statistical value is so-called value of the commodity at the Polish frontier. In other words the value of imports is presented on the basis of CIF Polish port or franco Polish border (including transportation and insurance costs to the Polish border). The value of export is presented on FOB basis (including transportation and insurance costs to the Polish border). Tariffs, taxes or other charges which have been levied on the occasion of import or export are not contained in the statistical value.
• Mass net: For majority of commodities quantity is expressed in kilograms. This is the intrinsic weight of the commodity. It is defined as the weight of the commodity without any packing.
• Quantity in supplementary unit: For selected types of commodities the quantity is recorded and documented in a supplementary unit (for example, item, liter, m2).
• Types of commodities: The types of commodities are classified according to the eight- digit commodity number of the CN Classification.
• Country of origin*: The country of origin is the country in which the commodity has been entirely obtained or produced or in which it has acquired its last significant and economically justified processing.
• Country of destination*: The country of destination is the country into which the commodities have been physically transported from Poland and are to be consumed or used and processed there.

Statistical Value

The Statistical Value is so-called value of the commodity at the Polish frontier. In other words the value of imports is presented on the basis of CIF Polish port or franco Polish border (including transportation and insurance costs to the Polish border). The value of export is presented on FOB basis (including transportation and insurance costs to the Polish border). Tariffs, taxes or other charges which have been levied on the occasion of import or export are not contained in the statistical value. The principal method of valuation for transactions is the invoice value.

Recording basis

The reporting period is fundamentally a calendar month. All commodity movements in a certain calendar month are assigned to it. In general, from the point of view of foreign trade statistics the time of physical movement of goods determines the reporting period, to which transaction should be assigned. Data for merchandise trade settlements are collected in original currencies and then converted into U.S. dollars at the central bank exchange rate prevailing for the day of transaction.

Grossing/netting procedures

Value of goods sent or received for the purpose of processing is the value of materials entrusted for processing purposes. Value of goods sent or received after processing is the value is defined by stating the value of materials entrusted for processing and the value added by the service of processing (service costs).

Source data definitions, scope, classifications, valuation, and time of recording

In INTRASTAT system in case of enterprises, that are not obliged to provide data on statistical value, statistical value is calculated on the basis of invoice value of declared transactions. This is done on the basis of data on statistical and invoice value of companies that are obliged to provide both.

In EXTRASTAT system code of customs procedure enables to derive from the system and include to the statistical data set only information interesting from the point of view of foreign trade statistics. Basis of country data: Country of foreign transactor.

Revisions

Statistical data set is revised every month. All previous months of the year are subject to revision till the final generation of yearly data set. The data are routinely revised. The first to publication are considered to be preliminary. Once a year the data for 12 months are revised. The final revision usually takes place 3 months after the end of the reference year.

Note

http://dsbb.imf.org/Default.aspx