Bulgaria - Consumer Price Index (CPI)

For Bulgaria, a monthly detailed consumer price index and the monthly headline harmonized index of consumer prices.

The source writes:

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of the general relative change of the prices of goods and services used by households for private (non production) consumption. It is defined as a "pure price change" index. The general consumer price index summarizes the individual price indices of the observed goods and services.

The consumer price index is applied in three main areas as:

• Macroeconomic indicator - as official measure of inflation in Bulgaria;
• Deflator of the values of indicators, which do not have their own price measure;
• Tool for possible indexation of salaries, pensions and other incomes from the Government when needed

The Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) is the comparable measure of inflation across EU Member states. It is one of the criterions of price stability and for readiness of Bulgaria to join the Euro-zone. HICP, just as CPI, measures the total relative change of the prices of goods and services. Both indices are calculated using the same basket of goods and services, but differ with respect to the used weights. HICP is calculated through the use of weights, which reflect the individual and the collective consumption of all households (incl. institutional and foreign households) on the economic territory of the country. The main source of information for HICP weights is the national accounts data. HICP in year t is calculated with the weights of year t-2.

These properties describe the as-reported data. Moody's Analytics may enhance history or construct analytic supplements.

CPI

Active:

• Classification: ECOICOP ver.2
• Measurement: Fixed-base index relative to 2025 (Index 2025=100)
• Adjustment: Not seasonally adjusted (NSA)
• Native frequency: Monthly
• Start date: Uniformly 1996m12

Predecessor(s):

• COICOP 1999, 1995=100 - 1995m1 to 2025m12

Global concept alias:

• CPI

CPI-H

Active:

• Classification: ECOICOP ver.2
• Measurement: Fixed-base index relative to 2025 (Index 2025=100)
• Adjustment: Not seasonally adjusted (NSA)
• Native frequency: Monthly
• Start dates:
  • 1996m12 for most
  • 1999m12 for division [12]

Predecessor(s):

• ECOICOP ver.1, 2015=100 - 1997m1 to 2025m12
• 2005=100 - 1997m1 to 2015m12 ("_05")

Global concept alias:

• HICP

The source writes:

CPI

Geographic coverage

The sample of settlements includes settlements in 27 district centers. Over 49.7% of the populations of the country live in the sampled settlements and over 65% of the sales are made in them.

Observation points

The number and the structure of the observed market points are selected in a way that can assure the optimum number of prices collected, which are sufficient to represent national prices for any group of goods and services in the consumer basket. The sample includes outlets, which:

• Have a large volume of retail sales.
• Supply a variety of goods, representative of the relevant “elementary aggregates” in the consumer basket. The main types of retail trade are covered, including the biggest outlets such as: supermarkets, general and specialized stores, cooperative markets.

The selection is made by price collectors and is confirmed by the director of the respective regional statistical office.

There are above 6,300 observation points for the year 2013.

Classifications

The consumer basket for the year 2013 consists of 665 goods and services, divided into four basic groups:

• Foods - 170
• Non-foods - 310
• Catering - 36
• Services - 149

These goods and services are grouped into 12 basic divisions in accordance with the COICOP/HICP classification:

• Food and non-alcoholic beverages
• Alcoholic beverages and tobacco
• Clothing and footwear
• Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels
• Furnishings, household equipment and routine household maintenance
• Health
• Transport
• Communications
• Recreation and culture
• Education
• Hotels, cafes and restaurants
• Miscellaneous goods and services

HICP

Population coverage

HICP covers expenditures of the following households’ categories within the economic territory of the country according to the domestic concept for consumption:

• expenditures of residential (Bulgarian) households, incl.institutional households
• expenditures of non-residents (foreign citizens)

HICP excludes:

• expenditures of Bulgarian households abroad
• expenditures for consumer goods for business purposes

Geographic coverage

HICP covers the whole territory of the country. All regions are included in the sample of settlements where the prices for HICP are observed. At this stage non-probability sampling techniques (cut-off) are applied. Settlements are selected on the base of population and the volume of retail sales in each one. 27 of the NUTS 3 regions are included in the settlement sample.

Classification

Classification of individual consumption by purpose which is elaborated for the purpose of HICP (COICOP/HICP) according to the Regulation 2214/96 from 20 November 1996, amended by Regulation 1749/99 from 23 July 1999.

Moody's Analytics supplements

For the CPI all-items index, we back-extend (1991m1 to 1996m11) using the predecessor(s) and/or IMF data.

For both the CPI and CPI-H all-items indexes, we produce seasonally adjusted counterparts using the U.S. Census Bureau's X-13ARIMA-SEATS program.

Yes. Figures are subject to revision with each release of the historical data.

Futher reading

At the source:

• CPI
• HICP

At Eurostat:

• Harmonised indices of consumer prices (HICP) » Overview

At IMF (SDDS Plus):

• Real sector: Price index: Consumer prices (Nov 2025 / Jan 2026)

• Nov 2005 - Initial version.
• Sep 2012 - Addendum of detailed HICP.
• Oct 2012 - Addendum of CPI and HICP (SA) supplements.
• Feb 2016 - HICP rebased to 2015.
• 12 Mar 2026, Phillip Thorne - Reclassified and rebased: Properties, Further reading.